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Eggplants smothered in garlic (Μελιτζανες σκορδοστουμπι οπως στο Τζαντε)

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Give a Greek person a vegetable, any vegetable, and they will transform it into a mouthwatering feast. Summer vegetables, especially succulent tomatoes hardly require any exhaustive transformation because they are just so delicious - all you need is a little oil and vinegar. However, in this traditional Zakynthian dish, summer tomatoes combine with the humble eggplant and a lot of garlic to make a truly spectacular dish.


If you were in Napoli, the garlic in this dish would be replaced with oozy mozzarella cheese and dustings of parmigiano reggiano. In Greek cuisine, there are strict (albeit unsaid) rules when it comes to using cheese. Hard cheeses are for eating at the table, with along with a generous bowl of olives. Soft cheeses, like feta, are crumbled into pies or a large slices adorn salads. Rarely are cheeses used in vegetable dishes - perhaps this comes from the tradition of fasting in the Greek orthodox church. In the long fasting months leading up to Christmas and Easter creative cooks had to develop plenty of dairy, meat and egg free dishes. Hence dishes such as 'eggplants smothered in garlic' were born!


Eggplants smothered in garlic  (Μελιτζανες σκορδοστουμπι οπως στο Τζαντε)

Serves 4-6; cooking time 45 minutes (plus 1 hour to salt the eggplants)

Ingredients

6 large eggplants
4 water glasses of freshly grated tomato 
1 tsp. honey or petimezi
1 tsp. Greek wine vinegar
Bukovo chilli flakes
1 head of chopped garlic
Salt and pepper

Method


1. Cut the eggplant into thick slices. Salt them and leave them for about 1 hour to remove the excess moisture and bitterness. After 1 hour, rise of the salt and pat the eggplant dry with paper towels.

2. Place a fry pan on medium heat and add a little olive oil. Add the eggplant and fry until lightly browned. Drain the fried eggplant on paper towels to remove any excess oil. Alternatively, you brush the eggplant with a little olive oil and grill on an outdoor barbeque (this makes the final dish much less greasy.) Again, drain the grilled eggplant on paper towels to remove any excess oil.

3. Prepare the sauce: place a fry pan on medium heat and add the grated tomatoes along with 1 tablespoon of olive oil. Add the honey and vinegar, bring to the boil and let the sauce cook for 15 minutes or until the oil has cooked down into the sauce. Season to taste with salt and pepper.

4. Preheat oven to 180C. Using a medium sized oven pan or dish, add one layer of eggplant. Sprinkle with half the garlic and some bukovo chilli flakes. Add a few spoonfuls of the tomato sauce to cover. Conintue with the remaining sauce, eggplant, garlic and chilli - finish with a generous tomato sauce layer.

5. Place the dish in the oven for around 30 minutes or until a nice crust forms on the top.


Mykonos: a guide

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So. Mykonos. I have to say I had lower expectations for this destination on my recent trip to Greece. I don’t revel in all-night parties anymore (I am sounding a bit like yiayia) and Mykonos reputation as a party island left me unsure as to what to expect. However, it was love at first sight when I saw the stark white cubist architecture, aqua blues of the sea and waterfalls of hot pink bougainvillea. This guide brings you the more tranquil, low key side of Mykonos – where you can get to hang out with some of the locals and get in touch with the islands core traditions.





Getting there


By air: On our recent trip, we flew from Venice to Mykonos with Aegean Air. Olympic Airlines and a host of other small European airlines, such as Ryanair also fly to Mykonos direct from Athens at relatively low prices. There is an KTEL bus service which runs from the airport to the main square called “Fabrika” – just up the hill from Mykonos chora. Tickets are usually around the couple of euro mark and the timetable is seasonal.

By sea: If you prefer to go by sea, several daily ferries link Mykonos with Piraeus and Rafína (much closer to Athens airport) via other islands, while services to other islands like Crete and Santoríni are also offered almost daily in season. It is worthwhile noting that larger ferries and cruise ships dock at the new port, 2km from town. A taxi-boat links ports old and new for the cost of a couple of euro each way.




Checking in


My lovely brother in law has been a long time devotee of Mykonos. We stayed at his preferred spot, the Apollon Hotel which overlooks the beautiful harbour of Mykonos. The best reason to stay here is to meet the wonderful Kyria Maria Paoula, a Mykonian legend – a few years shy of 80. We like to think of Kyria Maria as the Queen of Mykonos.


Kyria Maria in her favourite spot, on the balcony of the Apollon looking over Mykonos Harbour 


Kyria Maria’s grandfather established the Apollon as the very first hotel on Mykonos in 1930. The primary clientele  of the hotel, at this time, were archaeologists exploring the ancient site of Delos. More than 87 years later and the Apollon Hotel still remains, with Kyria Maria at the helm. On arriving,  we walked along the harbour front with our bags in tow to receive the warm greeting of Kyria Maria waving to us wildly from her balcony, like we were old friends. As we reached the top of the stairs we were showered with kisses and compliments from Kyria Maria with many questions about the health of our family back home.


Kyria Maria and Mykonos Harbour circa 1950s

The Apollon offers simple rooms, without complication. Our small double room had air-conditioning, a small fridge and one modern concession, wifi. There was no TV, but who would need that with the sites of Mykonos right on your door step. A shared bathroom was at the end of the hall, which you reach after passing through  the salon of antique furniture from Kyria Maria’s grandfather’s time. A host of portraits of Mrs Maria’s proud Mykonian ancestors look down on you as you make the dash to the bathroom. The Apollon has a regular schedule of returning guests, just like my brother in law. If you manage to make a booking, (children are not welcomed) it is the best place to experience the real Mykonos and meet the warm and wonderfully welcoming Mrs Maria. If you are staying here it also helps to speak a little (or a lot!) of Greek. While Mrs Maria speaks some English, you’ll miss all of her stories of the old days (and new) as well as cheeky jokes and good humour if you don’t speak a little Greek.

Apollon Hotel
Gialos, Chora, Mykonos, Greece

Other family run hotels include:

Carobonaki Hotel: this family-run hotel has been welcoming visitors since 1961 and was renovated in 2013 but still retains a traditional Cycladic ambience. (www.carbonaki.gr)

Nazos Hotel Mykonos: A traditional family-run property, with 14 rooms, built in the style of the local architecture. (www.hotelnazos.com)

Philippi Hotel: A clean, cozy family owned hotel, right in the middle of old Mykonos town. (www.philippihotel.com)


Getting around


The local Bus service is the cheapest means of transport in Mykonos Island. There are two main bus stations. North station is located behind the archaeological museum, near the telephone company building. From this station you can go to north and east part of the island: Agios Stefanos ,Tourlos, Kalafati, Elia, Kalo Livadi and Ano Mera.  South station is situated in the square Fabrika. From here you can visit Ornos, Agios Yannis, Plati Gialos, Psarou, Paraga, Paradise and the airport. Ticket values depend on the destination but are inexpensive. Bus frequency varies according to the tourist season (low or high) - make sure to check with the driver for bus times, especially for your return journey.








What to eat


While you will see from my last post about the island of Naxos, that it is really the food bowl of the Cyclades. However, Mykonos still retains some locally grown produce, farm-raised livestock and of course, fish from the surrounding sea. Indeed, the core traditions of the island are most evident in the thriving local cuisine built around the simplest of produce: fish, barley rusks, onions, sheep/goat milk and the pig.

Rusks(called paximadia in Greece): twice-baked bread, usually made from rye flour, they are  shaped in thick wedges or into smaller bite-size pieces. An ancient food, rusks were the food of Mykonian fishermen, as they are completely dry with low moisture and last forever.  You can also find a sweet version of paximada, usually flavored with currents and spices – similar to an Italian style biscotti.  

Goat cheeses: The best known Mykonian cheese is the spicy kopanisti. It has a tang similar to blue cheese, which comes from the fact that it is fermented in clay jugs over several months. Traditionally Kopanisti is used as an appetizer and often as an accompaniment to ouzo since its sharpness nicely counters the sweet aniseed flavour of the drink. There is also the less well known cheese, Tyrovolia, a soft fresh cheese which is used in the island’s famous onion pie and also in the ‘melopita’, a sweet cheese pie.


L-R: Loukaniko drying in the sun & the classic meze, Mostra 

Fish: get to the old port early to catch the small fish market (varying from one to three fishermen). Here you will see the most beloved of Greek fish, barbouni, which are pan fried with tomatoes and capers. You might also see a variety of smaller fish, such as the bright organgy-red scorpion fish, which is used to make aromatic fish soup.

Mostra: this wonderful meze combines the islands spicy kopinisti cheese with rusks. A generous amount of cheese is spread over the moistened rusk and topped with flavourful local tomatoes, olive oil and a good sprinkle of rigani plus an olive or two. Mostra is perfect to share, accompanied by an ouzo, raki, or tsipouro.

Loukaniko: (sausage) walk around the alleyways of Mykonos and you will see loukaniko hanging from home windows to dry in the sun. The pork sausages are seasoned with spices, salt, oregano, and pepper. They also have a much higher content of lean meat and less fat than other types of sausages made in the region. Order as a meze and you will get a sizzling hot pan or plate of fried sausage, nicely starting to caramelize on the edges, cut into perfect bite sizes pieces. 

Louza: another pork product, louza is made from the entire fillet from the back of the pig. It is dried out and cured under the early winter sun with salt, pepper and spices. The herb 'savory', locally known as 'throubi' which grows wild on the island is a one of the main flavorings.  It is kind of like a Greek prosciutto and served in paper thin slices Another must have meze dish.

Amigthalota (almond cake/sweet): always present at festive events such as weddings, baptisms and family celebrations, these pastries can take two forms. First is the elongated cookie covered in powdered sugar. The second is known as the 'kalathaki' or basket, which is an almond cake baked in a small cupcake wrapper. 

Kremidopita (Onion Pie):made with a local cheese tyrovolia (mentioned above,)and plenty of dill Mykonos’ onion pie is famous. If you are lucky, you might be offered a homemade slice, otherwise you can find it on the menus of some traditional taverna.


Where to eat and drink


Psillos Bakery, Mykonos Town: hit the streets of chora early and follow the line of locals to Psillos bakery. Wonderful bougatsa and spanikopitas are available, perfect for a quick breakfast or one to stash away for a treat later on when you arrive at the beach. There are plenty of traditional rusks and sweet paximada - and the currant studded kolouria  is completely addictive.








Farmer's & fish market, Mykonos Town: join the locals on the waterfront to pick up some fresh fruit for beach picnics, or if you happen to be self catering - vegetables, olive oil, wine and fish! There are usually a couple of farmers and on some days - the catch of the day off the boat. Best to get there early!

Vioma: a vineyard and farm that is open to visitors, serving organic food. Here you can taste many of the traditional products of Mykonos, such as tyrovolia,  kopanisti, louza, amygdaloto, along with the vineyards wines (www.mykonosvioma.gr)

Kiki’s Tavern, Agios Sostis Beach: is a Mykonian institution with divine grilled meats and an array of creative salads. You can watch your giant pork chop, prawns or chicken being grilled outdoors on a charcoal barbecue - as there is no electricity at Kiki's. Bookings are not taken and you need to line up from mid morning onwards to secure a table. The progress of the queue depends on the memory of the owner, who takes mental notes of each person and the time of their arrival. The wait is more than comfortable, as there is complimentary wine on tap and a great swimming beach, Agios Sostis, just below the taverna.









Nikolas Restaurant, Agia Anna Beach: renowned for traditional home-style cooking, a lot of the produce from this taverna comes from the family farm. Choose Greek delights ranging from quail and rabbit stifado to  local onion pie.

....don't forget to end one of your days with a sunset drink in Little Venice at one its many waterfront bars....




What to see

Visit the beaches: Ayia Anna, Agios Sostis and Agrari are all spectacular.

Walk through the twisting alleyways of old Mykonos town’s Chora at first light… when all the streets are deserted before the tourist shops open.








Get a  culture fix and take the ferry to nearby Delos, the birthplace of Apollo, god of light, and his twin sister, Artemis. Delos is one of Greece's most significant archaeological sites and was once revered as a sacred sanctuary. If you take the steep ascent to Mt Kythnos, you can enjoy the 360-degree views of the islands that form a circle around Delos.

See Panayia Paraportiani Church, a rock-like collage of five small chapels.

Spend an evening at Cine Manto, the open air cinema located in a botanical garden filled with  Mediterranean plants and lily covered pools. The cinema operates from June until September.




Watermelon, feta and chilli salad ( Σαλατα με καρπουζι, φετα και πιπερια τσιλι)

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I can't imagine summer without chilled watermelon, its fresh cool juice and crunchy edges. During our summer in Greece last year, every market we visited from Athens to Naxos had stalls selling huge watermelons, all piled up into pyramids or towers. Driving in the country side, there were trucks pulled over on the side of the road selling the hot pink and green fruits - the infamous summer kapouzi was inescapable! 

When the weather is so hot that you can't even face cooking, this salad is perfect. The watermelon is tossed together with salty Greek sheep milk feta cheese, mint and Thai basil leaves, sweet red onions and a little hit of chilli. It's best served really chilled, so you can prepare the salad and leave it in the fridge - just add the herbs and pour over the olive oil and toss before serving. It's just like a Greek summer on a plate! 



Watermelon, feta and chilli salad ( Σαλάτα με καρπούζι, φέτα και πιπεριά τσίλι)


Serves 4; preparation time 15 mins 

Ingredients 

1 medium fresh red onion, thinly sliced into rounds
1 long (medium hot) red chilli, deseeded and finely chopped
1 handful of small Green cracked olives (I used olives from Nafplio)
2 tablespoons of fresh mint leaves, roughly torn
2 tablespoons of fresh purple Thai basil leaves, roughly torn
500 grams of fresh watermelon, deseeded and flesh cut in to 3cm cubes
200 grams of Greek sheep/goat milk feta
juice of 1 lime
2 tbsp extra virgin olive oil
Sea salt and freshly black ground pepper to taste (the feta and olives add salt to the dish, so you shouldn't need to add to much salt)

Method 

Combine the watermelon, lime juice, olives, crumbled feta, onion and red chilli in a serving bowl, toss lightly. Store in the fridge until ready to serve. Sprinkle with mint and basil leaves and season to taste just before serving. Drizzle with extra virgin olive oil and serve.

Stuffed zucchini blossoms: the stove top method (Κολοκυθοανθοι γεμιστοι)

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As soon as summer arrives, my cravings for stuffed zucchini blossoms begins. Stuffed zucchini blossoms are a summer staple dish in many Greek homes. They are incredibly delicate and have a subtle flavour, taking well to aromatics such as fresh herbs and lemon or for a more spicy approach, fresh grated tomato and smoky bukovo chilli flakes.

There are two ways in which the blossoms are traditionally prepared in Greece; either via a stove top method or baked in the oven. Both ways of preparing the blossoms is delicious and usually really comes down to how you were taught by your mother or grandmother. In this post, I'm offering the stove top method and a follow up post will feature the baked method!

While zucchini blossoms are relatively cheap and easy to buy at markets in Greece, the same is not true in Australia. Although, they do make an appearance at some of our farmer's markets and are of high quality, the blossoms are often only available in small quantities with and come with a hefty price tag (when compared to markets in Greece). So this year, I decided to grow my own and I have reaped the rewards. From a couple of zucchini plants we have had a bounty of blossoms and their small young tender zucchini.






If you do grow your own, it is always best to pick the blossoms in the morning while they are open. If your blooms have wilted you can also pop them in some cold water for about ten or fifteen minutes to refresh the blooms. If you don't pick the blossoms early they will close up and you cannot open them without tearing the delicate petals.

This recipe is perfect for vegetarians or vegans. I have used my mother in law's suggested recipe but experimented with a mixture of brown rice and quinoa (instead of the usual white carolina rice). I also used  one of the beautiful spices from the Greek company 'Sparoza' which gives the final dish a brilliant lemony tang.  Feel free to experiment with the herbs or spices you wish to add. If you don't add the lemon in this dish you can opt instead to use about a cup and half of freshly grated tomato and a touch of bukovo chilli flakes (to taste) added to the stuffing mixture.



Stuffed zucchini blossoms: the stove top method (Κολοκυθοανθοί γεμιστοί)


About 30 zucchini flowers
1/2 cup of brown basmati rice
1/2 cup white quinoa
1 small finely chopped red onion
4 freshly green shallots, finely chopped
1/2 bunch finely chopped parsley
1/2 bunch finely chopped fresh mint
1/2 bunch of finely chopped fresh dill
1 tablespoon Sparoza herb & spice blend with lemon zest
1/2 cup pine nuts
Kallas lemon sea salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste 
2 tablespoons of EVOO (plus extra to coat the bottom of the saucepan)
1 & 1/2 cups of water
Juice from 1-2 fresh lemons, to taste


Method

1. Place the flowers in a large bowl of cold water and remove the stems. Drain well.
2. Place the rice and quinoa in a colander and rinse with running water to remove excess starch. Set aside.
3. Make the stuffing: in a bowl, mix together the rice, quinoa, onion, shallots, pine nuts, parsley, mint, dill, Sparoza spice blend and olive oil. Season to taste.
4. Using a spoon, very carefully stuff each flower with some mixture, taking care not to split or tear the flower. Once filled, fold over the ends of the petals.
5. Add olive oil to the bottom of a saucepan (the pan should be large enough to hold all the flowers in one circular layer).
6. Arrange the flowers in the saucepan in a circular pattern, side by side.
7. Pour 1.5 cups of water in each saucepan, the lemon juice and an extra drizzle of olive oil. The water should come up to just under the height of the zucchini flowers.
7. Place a sheet of baking paper and a large inverted plate to cover the flowers. Place the saucepan on  medium heat on your stove top and cooking for about 30-40 minutes or until most of the liquid has been absorbed.

Eatinerary: traditional Athenian eats

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In Athens, there are special places that have been a part of the city for so long that they have become symbolic of the eating culture. Here are just a couple of our favourite Athenian eats, which focus on traditional, old school comfort food. A stop at each of these places is always on my to do list when visiting the dynamic city of Athens. 









Pork chop heaven: O Telis (Psitopoleio)



When in Athens, you have to visit a traditional pork brizoles (pork chops) taverna. O Telis in Athens is by far the most famous and the best! Don’t bother asking for a menu here, they serve brizoles, horiatiki salad, chips, tzatziki and feta. That’s pretty much it. The brizoles have been beaten thin and are well charred with plenty to salt and rigani.  There is also an amazing ‘special sauce’ – a stainless steel plate of smoky grilled tomatoes, hot, hot yellow peppers and plenty of oozing melted feta. To be honest, the special sauce is so good, I could have just ordered this alone with a glass of wine and a good chunk of country style bread. It’s very easy to over order here, with the standard serve of brizoles including a huge plate of chips and at least four chops. So unless you have a huge appetite, my tip is one serve to share between two! If you do eat at Telis you also might happen to run into the current Greek Prime Minister, Alexis Tsipraswho is rumoured to enjoy a brizole or two at this Athenian institution.

O Telis (Psitopoleio)
86 Evripidou, Koumoundourou Square, Athens
Tel. + 30 210 324 2775




Greek comfort food: Thanasis



Ordinarily, I run in the opposite direction to tourist touting tavernas and Monastiraki has its fair share of those. The one exception to the touristy surroundings of Monastiraki is the legendary Thanasis. Yes, even tourist weary Athenians love this institution. While Thanasis’ has a full menu, don’t worry about reading this. Just go straight for an order of the specialty full kebab dinner. Here, you get (wait for it) FOUR kebabs on a fluffy pita with sweet, thinly sliced red onions and smoky grilled tomatoes. All you need to add to this order is a tzatziki, an order of chips (fries) with riagni and of course a Greek beer.  Again, a good rule of thumb if you are not ravenously hungry is one full kebab dinner between two, plus the sides. Simple, happy, uncomplicated comfort food the Greek way.

Thanasis
Mitropoleos 69, Monastiraki
+30 210 3244705


The home of Greek yoghurt: Stani



This old fashioned dairy shop ( called a galaktopoleio or Γαλακτοπωλείο in Greek) has been an Athens fixture since 1931. This is one of the very last places in Athens where you can go to buy milk or yogurt and enjoy a ‘krema’, rice pudding or other dessert with a coffee. Most excitingly, for me, the dairy on offer here is predominately sheep milk based, always my preference when it comes to dairy. Stani gleams like a jewel in the depressed and rather dodgy area of Omonia Square. Once a vibrant commercial distric, Omonia has been on the downhill for more than a decade, the economic crisis further depressing the area. While other stores around it close, Stani remains proudly open, because its products are just so good. There is an air of nostalgia here, with the waiters are dressed in crisp white shirts and black trousers. Stani is the go-to place for simply the best sheep milk yogurt, served in the traditional Greek way, a big square thick slice (yes, yoghurt so thick it can be sliced!) on a plate slathered with thyme honey and walnuts. Stani also offers other traditional desserts such as moustalevria, a thick burgundy pudding made from grape must, chocolate krema, walnut pie, galaktoboureko and more. All of the products are on show in industrial-size refrigerators with glass-lined doors.I just love the fact that you can also order a super traditional and very Greek breakfast of warm fresh sheep’s milk with honey, fresh butter, eggs fried in butter, bread, orange juice and Greek coffee. It doesn’t get more traditional than that!

Stani also offers loukoumades and, as we came to learn from our friends in Athens – you are either a fan or Stani’s loukoumades or Aigaion, but never both. It’s a bit like preferring a Ford or Holden car in Australia, you pick one and stick with it for life!

If you don’t have the loukommades at Stani, you should definitely still come to visit the last galaktopoleio left in Athens. The only other place in Greece that I have been lucky enough to find another galaktopleio is on the island of Lefkada, where there are still two to choose from. I hope my future travels in Greece reveal more and that these traditional old dairy shops do not die out entirely.

Stani
Marika Kotopouli 10, Omonia
Tel: +30 210 523 3637









Sweet fix: Aigaion



Most European cultures have their version of doughnuts, the French have their beignets, the Italians have their bomboloni and the Greeks have loukoumades: deep-fried pastries doused in honey and dusted with plenty of cinnamon. My go to place is always Aigaion. Established in 1926, this Athenian institution is also full of old fashioned charm. Walk down stairs, past the frying dough balls, to be seated at simple, paired back Formica tables and thonet style chairs under the cool breeze of whirring fans. The waiter/cook will dressed in old school whites will bring you a chilled glass of water (or two) to accompany your sweet treats. While Aigaion offer different toppings of nuts, chocolate and fine sugar, it is always best to go with the classic loukomades with honey and cinnamon.   

Aigaion
Eleftheriou Venizelou 46 (ex Panepistimiou street)

For research purposes, you might also like to try two other traditional loukomades shops:

Ktistakis: also centrally located in Omonia, this store was established in 1912 and their loukomades are based on a Cretan recipe (now passed down to the third generation of Ktistakis’). Unlike the traditional loukomades you may be used to, these treats are filled with a sugar syrup (not the usual honey) on the inside and come with a sprinkling of cinnamon and sesame seeds – there is also the obligatory glass of water. (Sokratous 59, Omonoia) 

Krinos: established in 1923, Krinos offers loukoumades drenched in drenched in a honey-citrus syrup. Here, self-service is the key. Grab your tray, place your order, and wait for a freshly fried batch (Aiolou, 87).


 








Genteel time travel in the leafy suburbs: Varsos




Step back in time amongst the shiny chrome countertops and 60s style salon and smell the tempting aromas of freshly baked tsoureki. Nothing short of magical, this family run zaharoplastio (patisserie) has been in operation since 1892 and it has managed to stay just the same over the decades. The decor remains the same, as have the recipes for the sweets. I adore the grumpy bow tie clad waiters (some of whom look like they may have been here since 1892) and the selection of traditional, old school Greek sweets. Greek coffee is a must do, along with a slice of galaktoboureko (creamy custard in syrup-soaked filo pastry), moustolaveria, krema, rice pudding, prune and pecan pie or the healthier choice of homemade sheep’s milk yoghurt drenched in honey and walnuts.  Every kind of Greek cookie is also available from kourambiedes to melomakarona. These can be purchased to take away as gifts, perfect for visiting Athenian family or friends. You can also buy fresh milk and cream and other dairy products.

Kassaveti 5, Kifissia
Tel: +30 210 801 2472


Snacking on the go: Koulouri




The Greeks are not breakfast eaters (with the exception of the odd special treat breakfast at Stani). So do as the locals to and grab a koulouri - a plain, circular bread topped with sesame seeds. There are numerous koulouri vendors in Athens, most supplied by ‘Koulouri tou Psyri’ – who have their own stand outside Syntagma metro station.

Melon and feta salad (Σαλατα με πεπoνι και φετα)

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A change from the usual watermelon, this super quick, cooling summer meze uses melon. Any type of melon works for this recipe too - depending on the season. As this salad is really quick to throw together and very simple, it does rely on having an absolutely ripe melon that is full of flavour. If there is no aromatic scent from the melon - choose another one! A spicy but smooth Greek feta, made from a blend of sheep and goat's milk is also important for this dish. The piquant saltiness of good Greek feta works so well against the sweet melon. However, the success of this dish depends on a really good quality black pepper, freshly ground, and a very peppery, green young olive oil - any extra expense will be worth it! Serve outdoors on a warm summer night as a simple starter or along with a few other small mezedes, accompanied of course by a very chilled glass of ouzo. 




Melon and feta salad (Σαλάτα με πεπόνι και φέτα)


Serves 6

Ingredients 

1 ripe melon (honeydew or rockmelon - whichever is ripest)  
200g spicy Greek sheep and goat's milk feta
2-3 limes, cut into wedges
freshly ground black pepper
olive oil 

Method 

1. Chill the plates or platter you will use. Halve the melon and discard the seeds. Cut into slices. 

2. Add slices of melon to chilled plate, along with a slice of feta and a wedge of lime along side. Sprinkle over freshly ground black pepper and a good drizzle of peppery, green olive oil. 


Gigandes plaki (γιγαντες πλακι)

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A variety of beans are used in Greek cooking. Small beans, such as haricot beans are used in fasolada soup or chilled summer salads. However, giant white beans, known as 'butter beans' in English are the sole contenders for being baked in the oven in a classic dish called "gigandes plaki" also spelled gigantes or yigandes (γίγαντες πλακί).


While many there many different regional recipes for this dish, most commonly the beans are first cooked in water to soften them and then baked in fresh tomato sauce with carrots and celery. In some areas, particularly in northern Greece, a more hearty winter version of the dish calls for spinach, sausage or even spicy whole chili peppers to be added. In our family, my mother in law's Zakynthian origins shine through in this recipe with a classic Ionian style freshly grated tomato sauce, flavoured with plenty of parsley and garlic. You can reduce the amounts of these in the recipe if you prefer a more mildly flavoured dish. 

When it comes to serving, small bowls of gigandes plaki are a classic meze, just waiting for an ouzo or a glass of wine. I recently served them alongside some swiss chard dolmades and roasted red peppers, marinated with plenty of olive oil, wine vinegar and garlic. 







Gigandes plaki (γίγαντες πλακί)


Serves 6; cooking time around soaking overnight, plus 1&1/2 hours

Ingredients

500 grams dried giant beans
500 grams ripe tomatoes, grated
1 cup olive oil
1 brown onion, finely chopped
1 celery stalk , finely chopped
2 carrots, finely chopped
3 - 4 garlic cloves, finely chopped
1 teaspoon of honey or petimezi
1-2 tsp boukovo or dried red pepper flakes
1 cup hot water
Salt and pepper, to taste
4 tablespoons of fresh flat-leaf parsley, finely chopped, plus extra to serve
Crumbled Greek feta, to serve
Greek dried rigani, to serve 


Method



1. Put the beans in a pot, cover them with plenty of water and let them soak overnight. The next day, rinse the beans well and discard the water.

2. Return the beans to the cleaned pot and add enough water to cover them. Simmer for about 1 hour or until tender. Don't add salt as soon as you start cooking the beans because they will become tough. Rinse the beans again, drain well and put into a baking pan.

3. Preheat oven to 200C. In a separate saucepan, pan put half of the olive oil, add the onion and cook until tender. Add tomatoes, celery, parsley, chili flakes, carrots, garlic, hot water, honey and cook the sauce for 20 minutes to let the flavors to combine. Season to taste.

4. Pour the sauce over the beans in the baking pan, so that they are well coated, and drizzle with the rest of the olive oil. You can also cover the beans with some slices to tomato at this point, but it is an optional touch. Cook for the beans for about 40-45 minutes, or until the sauce has thickened. Serve warm garnished with parsley, a sprinkling of dried rigani and crumbled feta.

Stuffed zucchini blossoms: the baked method (Κολοκυθοανθοι γεμιστοι)

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In part two of my ode to summery zucchini blossoms, I bring you the recipe for baked blossoms. In part one of this series of posts, I featured the stove top method for cooking these beauties. As I mentioned before, how you prepare the blossoms really depends on how you were taught by your mother or grandmother. Both methods are equally delicious and without further delay, I bring you the baked recipe!  




Stuffed zucchini blossoms: the baked method (Κολοκυθοανθοι γεμιστοι)


Serves 6; cooking time 60 minutes

Ingredients

30 zucchini blossoms
15 or so baby zucchini (these should be available with the blossoms)
4-5 small potatoes, halved or quartered
1 cup Greek Carolina or other medium grain Calrose rice
1 small brown onion, finely diced
2 garlic cloves, finely chopped
2 tablespoons of fresh dill, finely chopped
2 tablespoons of fresh mint, finely chopped
2 tablespoons of fresh parsley, finely chopped
Dried bukovo chilli flakes, to taste
Salt and ground black pepper, to taaste
1 water glass of fresh tomatoes, grated
100 mls of water
Olive oil

Method


1. Heat oil in a small saucepan over medium heat. Add the onion and garlic, cook until almost tender. Add the chilli, dill, parsley and mint - mix well. Add the rice and coat well in the flavoured oil. Add the tomato and water. Increase heat to high, bring to a simmer. Cover and lower heat to simmer gently until liquid is almost (but not quite) absorbed but the rice is not yet cooked through.

2. Separately parboil the potatoes. Drain well.

3. Preheat the oven to 170ºC. Oil the base of a large baking dish. Very carefully pull out the inside stamen of each zucchini blossom, taking care not to tear them. Using a teaspoon, carefully add the rice mixture into the flower, close the petals over the rice and place in baking dish. Fill all the blossoms and place them side by side, scattering the baby zucchini and parboiled potatoes in the baking dish to fit snugly. Drizzle some olive oil over the zucchini flowers, sprinkle with salt and pepper and add some additional water in the dish to come half way up the blossoms.

4. Bake the zucchini flowers for 50-60 minutes, or until rice is cooked through and vegetables are tender.

Artichoke, purslane and potato salad (Σαλάτα με γλιστρίδα, αγκινάρες και πατάτες)

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There is no greater love in the Greek home kitchen than a warm salad. A salad made with cooked vegetables, rather than leaves and tossed in a lemony dressing. I love this way of serving vegetables, a meal in themselves when accompanied by a slice of feta dusted in riagni and good quality Greek olives. A warm salad of broccoli is regular home-style staple on the Greek table and simply dressed beetroot is also a big favourite. In summer a warm salad of baby zucchini, baby potatoes and sweet vlita (amaranth) leaves is also very popular. This salad takes its inspiration from the summer garden with fresh artichokes, baby potatoes and lemony purslane.


Artichoke, purslane and potato salad (Σαλάτα με γλιστρίδα, αγκινάρες και πατάτες)


Ingredients

8 artichoke bottoms, fresh or frozen
6 baby potatoes
8 small bunch of purslane, cleaned of any grit and tougher stems removed (save a couple of leaves for garnish)
8 small pickling onions
2 tablespoons dill, chopped

For the dressing:

8 teaspoons of olive oil
2 tablespoons of lemon juice
Sea salt and ground black pepper

Method

Add the artichoke bottoms, potatoes and purslane leaves to a saucepan. Add water until they come half way up the vegetables and a sprinkling of sea salt. Cook for about 15-20 minutes until the vegetables are tender, but not falling apart. Drain and add to the vegetables to a serving bowl or platter. Mix the oil, lemon, salt and pepper. Sprinkle with dill, capers and a few of the reserved purslane leaves. Pour the dressing over the vegetables and serve immediately.

Μελιτζανοσαλατα (Melitzanosalata)

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There are about a thousand different recipes for Μελιτζανοσαλάτα (Melitzanosaláta or eggplant spread). From the Greek kitchen, but also from the Levantine, such as the famous baba ganoush, patlıcan salatası from Turkey, salat ḥatzilim in Israel and Kashk e bademjan in Iran. This Greek recipe differs from recipes in neighbouring regions as it does not usually include the addition of tahini or whey. It's all about the eggplant and just a few simple ingredients that make the eggplant flavour really shine. 



The delicious smokiness of the char-grilled eggplant, combined with punchy garlic and grassy olive oil makes this dish of my favourite mezedes. It is also "fasting" friendly and a dish that can be eaten through the period of Great Lent in the Greek Orthodox tradition, where meat and animal prod­ucts (cheese, milk, butter, eggs) and fish (meaning fish with backbones) cannot be consumed. A strict fast also rules out olive oil and wine, which can only be consumed on the weekend. Although this recipe is a good one for the fasting period, it is also great at any time in Summer and early Autumn when eggplants are plentiful and at their best. 



Μελιτζανοσαλάτα (Melitzanosaláta)



Ingredients

4 large purple eggplants
1 cup EVOO
2 large garlic clove, mashed
1 small purple onion, grated
3 tablespoons of Greek wine vinegar
Salt
Freshly ground black pepper
A handful of fresh flat-leaf parsley leaves, finely chopped, to garnish
Pomegranate seeds, to garnish 

Method 

1. Prick the eggplants in a few places with a fork and using an open grill, place them whole on direct heat and char-grill them for about 30 minutes, turning them to char them evenly. 

2. Preheat an oven to 200C. Line a baking sheet with foil and place the eggplants on it. Place baking sheet on the upper rack of the oven and grill the eggplants for about 20-30 minutes, until they are soft inside. 

3. Remove from the oven and allow the eggplants to cool and peel away the charred skin. Place the eggplant flesh in a colander and let the juices drain for 10-15 minutes. 

4. Place the eggplant flesh in a medium-sized bowl and using a fork, mash it roughly by pressing it against the bowl. Add the mashed garlic, the vinegar, grated onion, salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste, and slowly drizzle in the olive oil and mix with the fork until you have the desired consistency. It should be rough and a little bit chunky, don't purée it or mash it too much. Taste and adjust for seasoning. Garnish with the finely chopped parsley leaves and pomegranate seeds and serve.

Pine honey, almond and pine nut tart (Ταρτα με πευκομελο, αμυγδαλο και κουκουναρι)

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One of my favourite Greek products, is the dark pine or ‘honeydew’ honey from the forests of Peloponnese. It has a malty, spicy aroma and a caramelized flavor.  It is the perfect honey for using in this simple tart, as a floral honey could easily overwhelm the buttery shortbread-like crust and mild pine nuts. Pine honey also has fewer calories and a lower total sugar content than floral honeys and is rich in minerals and amino acids.  

You could make your own short crust pastry base for this tart, but I like to use the wonderfully light and crumbly Careme gluten free short crust pastry. It has a subtle nutty flavour from wholegrain flours, which works so well with the almonds and pine nuts in this tart.

This is a great cupboard standby dessert, which couldn’t be simpler to make. It is best served with a dollop of thick, Greek style sheep milk’s yoghurt for a luxurious touch.



Pine honey, almond and pine nut tart (Τάρτα με πευκόμελο, αμύγδαλο και κουκουνάρι)


Serves 8

Ingredients

1 packet of Careme gluten free short crust pastry; or

250 grams of plain flour
125g soft butter
100g sugar
A pinch of sea salt
1 whole egg
1-2 tablespoons of chilled water

For the filling:

100g almonds, roughly chopped
50g pine nuts
100g Greek pine honey
3 eggs, separated

Method

To make the pastry: Mix the flour, butter, salt and sugar in a food processor. Use the egg and water to bind the pastry. Once the pastry has come together, remove from the food processor, wrap in clingfilm and chill in the fridge for 30 minutes. Rollout the pastry to to cover a tart mould and return to the fridge for another 30 minutes. Preheat the oven to 180C. Place some baking paper and on top of the mould and use baking weights to keep it in place. Bake the tart base for around 15 minutes.

To make the filling: Mix the honey, roughly chopped almonds and pine nuts together. Add 3 egg yolks to the honey mixture. In a separate bowl, whisk the 3 egg whites to firm peaks. Carefully fold the egg white through the honey mixture. Pour this mixture into the cooled tart mould. Bake in the oven at 180C for 35 minutes, or until nicely golden. Serve with dollops of thick Greek sheep’s yoghurt.

Ma's octopus pilafi (χταποδι πιλαφι | συνταγες μαμας)

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There is nothing my mother in law likes more, than to be in her kitchen creating food for her family. After a serious illness over the last few months, it has been wonderful to see Ma feeling just well enough again to be back in the kitchen doing what she loves best - cooking. When she is not cooking, then there is nothing more that we like to do together more, than talk about food and recipes. Yesterday, Ma shared with me two of her recipes, octopus pilafi, a traditional Greek Lenten dish and her own, more revolutionary (and certainly not traditionally Greek), chilli puree. 

My lovely brother in law recently shared with me a story about Ma's discovery of chilli. It was about 20 years ago and after a period of experimenting, she hasn't looked back since! Ma loves chilli for its reported health benefits as well as the heat and flavour it brings to her dishes. However, as it is not a traditional Greek ingredient, Ma uses it sparingly in the form of a milder chilli puree made from the less hot, long red chilli peppers. The puree allows Ma to more readily control the heat in her dishes and removes the element of the seeds, which she believes are difficult for the stomach to digest. If you are not a fan of chilli, you can simply just leave it out of the pilafi and it is equally as delicious. 



Ma's octopus pilafi (χταπόδι πιλάφι | συνταγές μαμάς)


Serves 4-6; preparation 45 mins and cooking time 1 hour

Ingredients 

1 octopus (about 1 kg)

3 brown onions (finely chopped)
3-4 fresh tomatoes
1/2 tablespoon of good quality tomato paste (I use Greek brand Kyknos)
1 wine glass / 100 ml of white wine 
500g rice ('bonnet rice would be used in Greece, or for a healthier alternative you could use brown basmati rice)
2 bay leaves
2 pieces of cinnamon
5 wine glasses / 500 ml of hot water
Chilli puree to taste (optional - see recipe below)**
salt and pepper to taste 
olive oil

Method 

1. Thoroughly wash the octopus, clean it by removing the teeth and eyes, and cut into small pieces.

2. Boil a little water in a pan and add the octopus for around 10 minutes. Strain any of the water that has not been absorbed by the octopus from the pan and set the octopus pieces aside.

3. Pour a little olive oil into the pan, add the chopped onion and sauté along with the octopus pieces. Add the white wine and let the alcohol cook off.

4. Briefly blanch the tomatoes in boiling water, peel them, rub on a grater and pass through a colander. Add the fresh tomato to the pan along with the tomato paste. Only just bring to the boil and then add the 5 glasses of hot water. Add the bay leaves and cinnamon. Boil all together until the octopus is tender.

5. While the octopus is boiling, clean the rice well to remove the excess starch. Pour the rice into the pan. Stir and let the rice just simmer until tender, around 20 minutes, the rice should have absorbed all of the sauce.  Season to taste. Serve hot or warm. You can add freshly chopped parsley and ground black pepper, if preferred.




Ma's chilli paste (puree)


Ingredients 

2 kilos of fresh long red chillies

Method 

1. Remove the stems and seeds from the chillies.
2. Pour water over the chiles to cover and the bring to boil over medium heat for 30 minutes.
3. Drain the chiles and puree them thoroughly in a food mill to a very smooth paste.
4. The paste can be stored, covered and refrigerated for up to 2 weeks.

Gluten-free zucchini fritters (κολοκυθοκεφτεδες - χωρις γλουτενη)

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The use of alternative flours in Greek cooking goes back to a different era, when wheat flour (now more commonly used in Greece) was expensive or difficult to obtain. The buckwheat bread and flour used in this dish imparts a subtle 'toasted bread' flavour. Of course you can use wheat bread and flour in this recipe if you prefer, or experiment with a half/half mixture of wheat and buckwheat flour. 






Gluten-free zucchini fritters (κολοκυθοκεφτέδες - χωρίς γλουτένη)



Serves 4-5; Preparation time: 30 mins; Cooking Time: 25 minutes

Ingredients

1 kilo of zucchini
1 medium onion (not a sweet variety)
1 egg
1 cup gluten free bread crumbs (I used toasted buckwheat bread)
1 teaspoon of gluten free baking powder 
3/4 cup of grated kefalotiri or kefalgraveria
1/2 bunch of mint or parsley, finely chopped
Buckwheat flour
Salt and pepper
Olive oil for frying


Method

1. Clean and wash the zucchini well and then grate the zucchini using the coarse side of the grater. Place in a mesh sieve.

2. Clean the onion and grate. Then add it to the sieve with the grated zucchini. Squeeze the grated zucchini and onion with your hands to release all of their liquid through the sieve. Place the strained zucchini and onion in a deep bowl. Add the breadcrumbs, baking powder, egg, cheese, mint or parsley and season to taste.

3. Mix all of the ingredients with your hands to bring the mixture together. You may need to add a little more breadcrumb if the mixture is not "tight" enough.

4. Put the flour on a separate, shallow plate. Take a spoonful of the mixture and shape into meatballs (keftedes), neither too big nor small.

5. Flour the meatballs and warm the olive oil in a deep fryer or frypan. Fry the keftedes until a nice golden brown colour.

6. Place the keftedes on a platter lined with absorbent kitchen paper. Serve warm with tzatziki, or during lent with melitzanosalata and taramosalata (as shown). 
    

Greek Independence Day: Salt Cod and Skordalia (Μπακαλιαρος σκορδαλια)

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March 25 marks Greek National Independence Day and the Annunciation. While this day usually falls during lent it is the custom, allowed by the Church, to pause in fasting and eat fish.

By far the most popular fish of choice on this day (and one of the pillars of Greek cuisine) is Fried Salt Cod Fillets accompanied by skordalia, a garlic spiked potato puree. A simple boiled beetroot salad (which includes the beetroot leaves) dressed in olive oil and Greek wine vinegar, is also a traditional side dish. While fried salt cod seems a simple dish, the Greek version of fish and chips, it is far from it. The crunchy coating of the cod, fried in olive oil, has a soft savoury inside - an addictive combination.

Ordinarily, the dish is made with a fluffy beer batter (you can find the traditional recipe here). However, this year I decided to opt for a change and prepared the cod in with a lighter lemon zest and herb flavoured crust, using gluten free flour.




Fried salt cod (Μπακαλιάρος)


Serves 4; preparation time 24 hours, cooking time 30 minutes

Ingredients

1 large piece of salt cod, soaked for 24 hours Olive oil, for frying
1/2 cup buckwheat flour
1 tablespoon of cornflour
1 tablespoon of polenta
1 tablespoon of Sparoza herb and spice blend with lemon zest

Method


1. At least 24 hours ahead of time, cut the cod into pieces and put into a large basin with enough water to cover them amply. Change the water at least 8-10 times to be sure that it will remove all the salt. **

2. After the fish has been desalted, skin the fillets then pat the fillets with paper towels, so that they are completely dry and all water is removed.

3. In a shallow bowl, combine the flours and spice blend. Dredge the fillets in the flour until they are completely coated.
4. Pan fry the fish: Heat a large, heavy nonstick or well-seasoned cast-iron skillet over moderately high heat. Add around 1-2 tablespoons of olive oil and swirl to coat the pan. When the pan is hot, tap the fish lightly to knock off any excess flour and place in the pan. Cook until the bottom side is golden. Turn and cook until golden on the second side. Drain briefly on paper towelling and then serve with lemon wedges.

** Note: The pre-soaking time for the cod will depend on how heavily salted and how dry it is. Overnight soaking is a good rule of thumb, but older recipes often call for a full 3 days of of soaking.


Skordalia (σκορδαλιά)


Serves 4; cooking time 40 minutes 

Ingredients

500gr potatoes
1/2 cup olive oil
1 head of garlic
2 lemons, juiced
Salt to taste

Method

1. Boil the potatoes in their skins, until tender.

2. While the potatoes are boiling, add the garlic cloves to a mortar and pestle, along with a little salt and make into a smooth garlic paste. Set aside.

3. Drain the potatoes, remove the skins and pass them through a food mill into a bowl.

4. Mix the pureed potatoes with the garlic paste and a little olive oil and lemon juice, alternately and bit by bit, to combine until creamy, but also still light and fluffy. Drizzle with a little more olive oil before serving.

Mum's fish soup with avgolemono (Ψαροσουπα αβγολεμονο | ΣΥΝΤΑΓΕΣ ΜΑΜΑΣ)

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One of the most loved home style Greek recipes, psarosoupa (fish soup) is a perfect dish for those cooler autumn nights that are coming our way here in Australia. 

Mum's recipe starts with a simple vegetable stock, which uses plenty of celery leaves in lieu of the Greek grown herb 'selino'. If Ma were in Greece she would use selino, the wild celery, that is both a herb and a vegetable. It has much thinner stalks than our ordinary celery and more leaves. Hence, Ma's use of plenty of celery leaves in this dish. 



Once the vegetable stock is created, the fish is then cooked in the stock. Ma's fish of choice here in Australia is snapper, but you could use any fish with firm white fillets. The odd red mullet (called barbounia) can also be added. Before the fish is cooked however, Ma's secret for perfect fish soup is to scrupulously clean the fish. They should be cleaned to the point where, when they are placed under a running tap, the water runs clear and is not cloudy. 

When serving, the fish and vegetables can be placed into bowls, with the broth poured over the top. Alternatively, broth is served directly in bowls and the fish and vegetables are served on a separate platter drizzled with olive oil and scattered with fresh parsley so that everyone can help themselves. 




Mum's fish soup with avgolemono (Ψαρόσουπα αβγολέμονο | συνταγές μαμάς)


Serves 6; preparation time 45 mins; cooking time 45-50 mins

Ingredients 

1 kilo fish (suitable for soup)
1 leek
2 carrots
3 potatoes
2 zucchini
1 onion
2 sprigs celery - with plenty of celery leaves 
2-3 bay leaves
10 peppercorns 
Salt & Pepper for seasoning 
2 egg yolks
juice on 1-2 fresh lemons 
1 tablespoon cornstarch

Method 

1. Clean, wash and prepare the vegetables. The carrots, potatoes and onions should be peeled and you can either leave them whole or cut into pieces. Put a pot of water (about 3 litres) on the stove to boil and add a little salt. Add the vegetables, pepper corns and bay leaves to boil for around 45 minutes. Take the vegetables out with a slotted spoon and place on a platter. Keep warm.

2. While the vegetables are cooking, clean the fish removing scales, entrails and gills. Salt the fish and leave them in a colander to drain.

3. Place the fish into the broth of vegetables. If there is not enough to cover the fish, add a little water. Allow the fish to simmer for 10-20 minutes, depending on their size. When the fish is cooked, take it out and place on a serving platter. Keep warm. 

4. After passing the soup through a sieve to remove any stray bones etc, test to see if you need any more seasoning and then return the soup to the heat and bring to the boil then reduce to a simmer. 

5. In a separate bowl, beat the egg yolks and slowly add the lemon juice and the corn flour (which has been dissolved in a little cold water), While beating constantly, ladle in the warm broth and add it to avgolemono. Make sure you are stirring constantly. About 4-5 ladles should be enough. 

6. Remove the pot of soup from the heat and then add the avgolemono to the pot stirring constantly.

7. Return to the pot of soup to a very low heat and stir until the soup thickens without letting it boil, otherwise the avgolemono will spilt.

8. Serve soup in bowls and separately serve the fish and vegetables on a platter, garnished with a little chopped parsley and drizzled with plenty of extra virgin olive oil.  


Traditional Preserved Green Olives (παραδοσιακές ελιές)

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In my education of all things Greek, this year (so far) has been the year of the olive. The Greek word for olives is elies, ελιές, pronounced el-yes and they are without question the essential element of the Greek diet. Olives can make the simplest mezede and every meal is accompanied by a plate of beautiful glossy olives on the table. 

My father in law has over 70 years of experience growing olives and for the sixty years of their married life, my mother in law has preserved the autumn crop. Their home preserved olives really are a team effort. Living in a sunny corner of Sydney's inner west has not hampered my in law's passion for home preserved olives. So, a few weeks ago, Mr K and I were part of the small team of harvesters in the Autumn sunshine. As we sat picking the olives from the branches, Dad (Ba in Greek) recalled stories of how he had harvested olives with his family in a small village in the Peloponnese during the 1930s. 




Ba tells me that the best, most tastiest, olives are the tiniest. They are packed with aromatic, peppery green oil and can be found in Crete, Messinia and Zakythnos - my mother in law's home island. The olives from these parts of Greece are mainly used for oil and small quantities are harvested for the table by families for their own used. They never reach the market in Australia. For the truest taste of Greek olives Ba says you have to make your own.  Here is how Ma and Ba make their olives...





Traditional Preserved Green Olives (παραδοσιακές ελιές) 


Ingredients 

1kg unripe, green olives
1 litre of water
100g salt 
1 lemon, sliced (or you can use pieces of orange) 
5-6 bay leaves 
1 tsp of rigani, fennel fronds, thyme or rosemary
t tbsp of extra virgin olive oil  

Method 

Gathering the olives: Gather the olives when some are just starting to blacken but the majority are still green. Cut the branches down or shake them into a cloth or net spread under the tree. After picking, place them in a bowl filled with water and clean them of any dirt, leaves or twigs, Make a selection of the best olives, those without to many blemishes or broken skin.  

Soak the olives: With a sharp knife slash each of the olives lengthwise, taking care not to cut the pit. Place the olives in a large bucket and cover with twice in water volume. Change the water every day for 8-10 days. Then check the bitterness of the olive, it should be mellow with a subtle bitterness. If bitterness is still strong continue the process and re-test. 

Make the brine: Boil water in which you have added salt and the flavourings. Stir until the salt is dissolved completely. Let it cool completely.

Ma's tip for the brine: to check the brine is salty enough, carefully add a washed whole egg. If it floats and the part of the shell rising above the surface of the water is about the size of a thumb nail - the salt content is just right. 

Sterilise the jar: wash the jar in which you will keep the olives (including the lid) with warm soapy water. Rinse with fresh water and place the glass jar on a tray and place in an oven at 120°C for 10 minutes until the jar is completely dry. Wait for jar to cool before handling it or use tongs when taking it out of the oven.

Completion: Place the olives in the jar and cover with the cold salty broth. Cover the surface with extra virgin olive oil and seal the jar. 

Storing: store in a cool dark place and consume within 2-4 months, otherwise the olives loose the colour and spoil. 

And...... Καλή επιτυχία (good luck!!) 

Gluten free Koulourakia with mastiha (Kουλουρακια με μαστιχα - χωρις γλουτενη)

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Easter remains the most important celebration for my Greek family. I love the traditions of colourful dyed eggs, tsoureki and the Easter biscuits - Koulourakia. Holy Thursday has always marked the start of Easter preparations in our house, the day the eggs are dyed red and the Koulourakia are made. For those in our family who are not friends with gluten, it seemed a shamed for them to miss out on part of the Easter traditions. So, this year, I have tried my hand at making some gluten free Koulourakia, flavoured with plenty of lemon, vanilla and the most incredible Greek superfood - Matsiha.  


Mastiha are like little dusty pieces of crystal - which come from mastic-tree resin and are only found on the Greek island of Chios (I long to visit Chios one day - hopefully soon!). Mastiha has been harvested on Chios for at least 2,500 years since Greek Antiquity. Mastiha is reported to have plenty of health benefits from digestive issues to skin regeneration. In Ancient times it was used as the very first chewing gum! 

The Mastiha tears I have are produced by Mastiha Shop, Greece’s leading Mastic producer. They are available here in Australia from Homer St



Gluten free koulourakia with lemon, vanilla and mastiha                                         (Kουλουράκια με λεμόνι, βανίλια και μαστίχα - χωρίς γλουτένη)


Ingredients

125g butter (at room temperature and chopped into cubes)

1/2 cup coconut sugar

2 tsp of vanilla sugar

3/4 teaspoon of powdered baking ammonia

1/4 room temperature Greek sheep milk yoghurt

2 medium eggs

1 tbsp vanilla extract

1 tsp ground mastiha tears

zest of 2 lemons

500g plain all-purpose Gluten free flour

For the glaze: 2 egg yolks and 1 tbsp water beaten

Method

1. Using an electric mixer, add the coconut sugar and butter and mix for about 10-15 minutes, until the butter is creamy and fluffy.

2. In the meantime, in a seperate bowl add the ammonia to the room temperature yoghurt and blend well until dissolved. Set aside.

3. Add the eggs to the butter mixture one at a time, keep mixing and allow each egg to be absorbed, before adding another. Pour in the the vanilla extract, vanilla sugar, the lemon zest, mastiha and yoghurt (with the ammonia) and mix to combine.

4. Add the flour, a little bit at a time, whilst mixing, until the ingredients are combined and the dough is soft.

5. Cover the dough with some plastic wrap and set aside in the fridge to rest for about 30 minutes.

6. On a clean work surface, take a small piece of dough and form long cords and then shape the koulourakia. Traditionally an "x" is made first to symbolise "Xhristos" or Christ and the final shape made is an "A" to symoblise "anesti" meaning risen.

7. Line a large baking tray with baking paper and place the koulourakia, leaving some space between them.


8. For the glaze, beat the egg yolk and 1 tbsp water. Brush the top of the koulourakia and bake on the middle shelf in preheated oven at 200C until golden - about 15 minutes. Let the kolourakia cool down on a baking rack and then store in airtight containers for up to 2 weeks.  

Magiritsa (μαγειριτσα): Greek Easter Soup

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Magiritsa (μαγειρίτσα) is the traditional soup eaten early on Easter Sunday morning, following the midnight Divine Liturgy of the Greek Orthodox Church, to break the fast of Lent. The soup is prepared on Holy Saturday and many families put the soup on a very low heat to cook, before they leave for church.

Traditionally magiritsa is made with all of the offal from the lamb, which is spit roasted for the Paschal meal. The lamb offal is flavoured with spring onions, dill and lettuce. Rice is added towards the end of the simmering process and the stock is thickened with avgolemono. Accompaniments to this dish sometimes include the red, hard boiled eggs, salad, cheese and the Easter bread, tsoureki. 


I grew up in a household where offal was a rarity, eaten only very occasionally at my grandparent's houses, my mum being more of a pescatarian (although not strictly). My first taste of traditional magiritsa came at my parents in law's home at Easter. It was absolutely delicious and I have longed to make this dish for many years. So this year, I braced myself and headed off to our local Greek butcher ready to conquer the offal cleaning processes. Well, confronted with a whole wall of lamb's offal glistening under the fluro butcher's lights - I chickened out and asked for lamb necks and shanks, instead of the traditional offal. The butcher was highly amused, but comfortingly told me that many people opt for these cuts today foregoing the offal. One day I'll get there....but in the meantime, here is my version of magiritsa with lamb neck and shanks.


Magiritsa (μαγειρίτσα) 


Serves 6 

Ingredients 

2kg lamb necks and shanks, trimmed of fat
2 large brown onions, peeled 
2 medium carrots, peeled and halved
1 bunch spring onions, finely chopped
2 leeks, finely chopped
1⁄2 cup long-grain rice
3 bunches fresh dill, finely chopped
1 large cos lettuce, shredded 
2 egg yolks 
Juice of 2 lemons
1 tablespoon of cornstarch 
Salt and freshly ground black pepper 
EVOO
Salt and pepper to taste 

Method 

1. Heat around 2 tbsp. of the oil in a large pot over medium-high heat. Add lamb neck and shanks and cook, turning to brown. Add onions, carrots, and enough water to cover. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer, skimming occasionally, for 2½ hours. 

2. Strain stock, discarding vegetables but reserving necks and shanks. Pull meat from bones, cut into small pieces, then return to pot with stock.

3. Heat remaining a little more oil in a large frying. Add the spring onions and leeks and cook until they are wilted, 3–5 minutes. Transfer to stock pot. Add rice, dill, and lettuce. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat to medium, and simmer until rice is tender.

4. Just before serving, make avgolemono. In a separate bowl, beat the egg yolks and slowly add the lemon juice and the corn flour (which has been dissolved in a little cold water), While beating constantly, ladle in the warm broth and add it to avgolemono. Make sure you are stirring constantly. About 4-5 ladles should be enough. 

5. Remove the pot of soup from the heat and then add the avgolemono to the pot stirring constantly.

7. Return to the pot of soup to a very low heat and stir until the soup thickens without letting it boil, otherwise the avgolemono will spilt. Serve immediately. 

Taramasalata with smoked trout (ταραμοσαλατα με καπνιστη πεστροφα)

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Taramasalata is the benchmark by which I measure all Greek tavernas. My mother in law makes the best, voloptuously smooth taramasalata. It's always a mild beige colour and has a perfect balance of salty tarama and sharp lemon. No luminous hot pink gloop is to be found anywhere near her kitchen. And so, whenever we discover a new Greek taverna, the benchmark dish to order is, of course, taramasalata. How close it comes to Ma's tarama is the barometer for authentic homestyle cooking. 


As taramasalata is our litmus test, I am loathe to mess too much with Ma's classic recipe. However, I had a taramasalata novice coming to lunch. Squeamish at the idea of eating fish eggs, I took on the challenge of trying to convert my lovely friend to the taste of tarama. While Mr K could quite happily work his way through the pungent saltiness of a taramasalata that was basically just a flavoured roe (this is the man who regularly snacks on generous slices of avgotaraho [bottarga] with a squeeze of lemon), my friend would not. And so, I struck upon the idea of lessening the saltiness of the tarama with the addition of some smoked trout. This gave the dish a much a milder taste and a thicker consistency. Eh voila, my friend was a covert! 


The taramasalata was also a wonderful excuse to use a new find - and now one of my favourite Greek products - Elion extra virgin olive oil. This spectacular oil is early harvest and cold pressed within 6 hours of the olives being picked. It has a beautiful green colour and hails from the Peloponnese. Using a good quality olive oil is one of the keys to making a perfect taramasalata. In the best examples, you can taste the extra virgin olive oil with each savoury bite. While it enhances the taste of the dish, using a high quality extra virgin olive oil also enhances the health benefits of the dish. The Mediterranean diet hails using extra virgin olive oil, wherever possible, in its unheated state. This dish, combines that with plenty of omega 3 and vitamin D from the tarama and trout. 


Taramasalata with smoked trout (ταραμοσαλάτα με καπνιστή πέστροφα)

Ingredients 

200g smoked trout

50g tarama (I use beach gold)

½ small red onion

100g stale, crustless bread (I use a rustic style spelt bread from my local Greek baker)

2-3 tbsp lemon juice

200ml extra virgin olive oil, plus extra to serve (I use Elion www.elion.net.au)

Method 

1. Finely grate the onion. 

2. Put the bread in a bowl, cover with cold water, then drain immediately and squeeze out the excess water.

3. Put the onion, bread, trout and roe in a mortar or a food processor and mash or pulse together until relatively smooth. Slowly add the lemon juice and oil until well combined, working the mixture all the time. Add more lemon juice to taste.

4. Place in the fridge and allow to firm up prior to serving. 

Rabbit stifado (κουνελι στιφαδo)

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It’s amazing how as soon as the weather turns chilly our cravings for comfort food set in. A longing for salads dissipates with the first frosts of winter.  This is the weather where Ma’s hearty rabbit stifado takes centre stage. A dish of rabbit (or hare) slow cooked in a fresh tomato sauce, gently scented with warming hints of cinnamon and of course, plenty of caramelised onions.

Rabbit used to be a dish that we ate a lot of in Australia, until recent times following the myxomatosis scare. In Greece, and in Greek kitchens around the world including Australia, rabbit continues to be a popular and much loved ingredient.  Nutritionally speaking, rabbit is a great choice with less calories than white chicken meat. So it’s good for the waistline and  it’s also considerably lower in saturated fat than beef and therefore less likely to produce what we call bad cholesterol (LDL ). 


In Australia, I buy rabbit from my local Greek butcher, but you can also find it online – direct from the farm. In Greece, rabbit is often available at the local markets (called “laiki’).

Rabbit is sometimes criticised for being so lean it turns dry on cooking. In the hands of my mother in law, this never happens. Ma’s rabbit is wonderful, very juicy, tender and packed with flavour. After being slow cooked it simply falls off the bone.  Here's how to make it. 


Rabbit stifado (κουνελι στιφαδo) 

Preparation time: 3 hours 
Cooking time: 1 & 1/2 hours
Serves: 6-8

Cooking note: Rabbits are usually sold whole, skinned, gutted, but should have still their kidneys and liver attached. You can joint it yourself or ask your butcher to do it.

Ingredients 

1 rabbit or hare (1&1/2 kg)
800g baby onions, peeled and left whole
1 large brown onion, chopped
2 cloves of garlic, chopped
2 tbs tomato paste or 2 cups fresh tomato, grated 
1 glass of wine vinegar
1 glass of olive oil
1 glass of white wine
1-2 sticks of cinnamon
2 bay leaves 
2-3 allspice berries 
6 cloves
salt and pepper, to taste 

Method 

1. Wash the rabbit and put it into a basin with water and the glass of vinegar. Leave it in a cool place for 3 hours. Drain and then dry the rabbit pieces with absorbent kitchen paper. 

2. Add some olive oil to a frying pan and when hot, fry the rabbit pieces until brown. Remove from the pan and drain the rabbit pieces on absorbent kitchen paper. Using the same frypan, cook the baby onions until caramelised. Remove and place in a large casserole pot. Again using the frypan, cook the chopped onion and cloves of garlic until fragrant. Add to the casserole pot which contains the whole onions. Finally, place the drained rabbit pieces in the casserole pot. 

3.  Pour the wine, oil and tomato into the casserole pot containing the rabbit pieces and onions. Season and add the other aromatics. Bring to the boil and cook for around 20 minutes. Then lower the heat, cover the pot and let the food simmer for a further hour or until the rabbit is tender. Serve hot with potato puree or simply with good country style sourdough bread. 
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